National Parks
Vashlovani State Reserve and National Park
The Vashlovani protected territories are located in Georgia’s far eastern part, in Dedoplistskaro district, altitude 150-750m above sea level. It involves the Vashlovani Reserve, the Vashlovani National Park, and natural monuments – "Eagle Gorge", "Tikhtitepa Mud Volcanoes" and "Juma Groves".
The Vashlovani state reserve was founded in 1946. It takes in 8.034 hectares. Climate is temperate. There is no other place in Georgia, where such a quick shift of plant types can be observed. A greater part of the territory is covered with forests. The rest of them include valleys, a desert, and gorges. There is a unique virgin forest of junipers. Species creating juniper formation are black juniper and multi-fruit one. Rare plants are spread in the reserve: Georgian plural barberries, wild pomegranate, Georgian iris, Eichler Tulip etc. We also see here the only residence in Georgia for a relict of a third period - Turanula.
The reserve is inhabited by bear, leopard, lynx, wolf, wild boar, gazelle, jungle cat, porcupine, griffon-vulture, eagle, mountain eagle, firebird, black heron, partridge and West Asian leopard; the latter was discovered by a team of scientists a few years ago.
There are also some species of birds rarely characteristic for steppes. These birds are enlisted in Red List of Threatened Species of World Conservation Union.
There are scores of insect genus observed on the territory of the reserve. We also meet reptiles: Mediterranean turtle, lizard, and snakes – Asian boa, lebetina viper and others. The latter is the only snake in Georgia’s fauna, with lethal poison for human.
The Vashlovani reserve is noted for its high-esthetic landscapes and bright woods.
There is only an educational and scientific tourism available in the reserve. Movement is possible on foot and by horses in special pre-arranged tours.
The Vashlovani Park was established in 2003, holding 25.114 hectares of area. The climate is dry temperate. The National Park of Vashlovani together with the Vashlovani State Reserve embraces less changed natural eco-systems.
The Park territory is inhabited by bear, lynx, otter, wild boar, wolf, Colkhic pheasant, nightingale etc.
Movement is allowed on foot, by horse, on a boat or by car through pre-defined routes.
Lagodekhi State Reserve
The Lagodekhi Reserve is located in Georgia’s far northeast side, on southern slopes of Eastern Caucasus Mountains, at altitude 3.500 meters above sea level. Climate is half-subtropical.
The Lagodekhi State Reserve is Georgia’s first reserve, established in 1912. It is a unique natural monument for its distinguished flora and fauna. The relief is sharply varied - high amplitude, various slopes of expositions, and deep ravines with rivers, create a roughly different physical – geographic conditions. That is a reason why two-third of Georgia’s plant life is observable in the reserve. There are unique hornbeam and beech broadleaf forests and species creating woods: beech, hornbeam, alder-tree, lime-tree, giant sycamore, chestnut tree and others; also, the Lagodekhi snowdrop and Lagodekhi Genciana, forming narrow-local endemics.
The reserve is noted for its beech broadleaf woods, alpine zone inviolable meadows, ice-age lakes, abundance of endemic and ancient relict varieties and high diapason of vertical zones. Also, there is a beautiful waterfall of Lagodekhi Forest.
The Reserve is inhabited by rare plants: primula Iuli, paeonia mlokosevich, leontice smirnowi, Galanthus. There are about 1.500 species of flower plants observed in the reserve, including endemic varieties (primula Iuli, paeonia mlokosevich etc).
The majority of wild animals and artiodactyls, spread across entire Georgia’s territory, live in the reserve: chamois, eastern Caucasian aurochs, bear, wolf, deer, roebuck, wild boar and others.
From birds, we meet mountain eagle, mountain turkey, Colkhic pheasant, Caucasian black grouse etc. The Red List of Threatened Species of World Conservation Union includes amphibian – Caucasus Javriana.
Only an educational and scientific tourism is available in the reserve. Movement is possible on foot and by horse (pre-defined routes offered). A flora and fauna museum is also functioning there.
Lagodekhi Preserve
The Lagodekhi Preserve was established in 2003, holding a 1.970-hectare area. The preserve is situated along the villages south to the Lagodekhi Reserve. The preserve is noted for its beech and hornbeam broadleaf woods and Gurgeniabi waterfall. The preserve also involves a system of paths connecting the forest and alpine meadows. Movement is possible on foot and by horse (a pre-arranged route).
Batsara – Babaneuri State Reserve
Batsara Reserve
The Batsara State Reserve is situated in northeast part of Georgia, in Akhmeta region, on southern slope of the Greater Caucasus, at altitude 900-2.000m above sea level. The area is over 3.000 hectares. Climate is humid temperate.
An inviolable groove of Utkhovari, is observed in the reserve. The terrain takes in beech and mixed woods. There are thousand-year exemplars of Utkhovari. Such a massive groove of it is not discernible in any other place throughout Georgia. The forest is well-guarded, while people consider Utkhovari as a tree of angels. Also, the groove is comprised of hornbeam, elm, lime-tree, maple, ash-tree and others.
From mammals, the reserve is inhabited by roe, marten, otter, bear, chamois, lynx, wolf, jackal and others.
There are also birds: eagle, blackbird, black-grouse and etc.
Only educational and scientific tourism is available. Movement is allowed on foot and by horse (special pre-defined routes).
Babaneuri Reserve
The Babaneuri State Reserve is sited below the Caucasus Main Range, at the left bank of the Alazani River, at altitude 439-1.000m above sea level. It was founded in 1935, with total area – 747 hectares. Climate is humid temperate.
The reserve involves third period relict – a unique massif of Caucasian Zelkova (Dzelkva). Zelkova grows in separate grooves, as well as together with hornbeam. Besides, it is mingled with oak, maple and other tress. Height of Zelkova in the reserve is 20-30 meters, diameter – up to 90 centimeters. Subforest is formed by a hawthorn, cornel-elder, medlar and sweetbrier.
There are a number of mammal and bird species living in the reserve.
Only educational and scientific tourism is available. Movement is possible on foot and by horse (special pre-defined routes).
Mariamjvari State Reserve
The Mariamjvari State Reserve is situated to the south of Civ-Gombori Mountain Range, in Sagarejo district. It was established in 1935, with the area amounting to 1.044 hectares.
There is a rare massif of relict Pinus Sosnovsky, spread in the reserve. The major part of the territory involves woods consisting of hornbeam, beech, maple, elm and others. Additionally, there are numerous genus bushes stretched across the subforest.
Tusheti Protected Territories
Tusheti State Reserve and National Park
Protected territories of Tusheti are located at Eastern Greater Caucasus, at altitude 900-4.800m above sea level. Tusheti is noted for its high esthetic landscapes – alpine meadow and virgin pinewoods and ever-snowy summits (Tebulo – 4.492m; Diklo – 4.785m; Borbalo – 3.294m above sea level). Tusheti has maintained unique monuments of cultural heritage, traditions and ceremonies. One can see historic villages and ancient settlements here; household cultural goods and patterns of fancywork. Tusheti is particularly outstanding for its magnificent landscapes. Tush villages and buildings are very interesting from architectural and historic point of view.
A legend says that this place was granted by the King of Kakheti to Tush population for their particular devotion while combating Persian invaders. Tush villages are divided into four communities, included in Gometsari, Pirikita and Chanchakhovani basins. While starting a village, population took into consideration proximity of a forest, springs and pastures. Dwelling houses are tightly built side by side. Shale stone is used as a construction material. Each village has several fortress towers; some of them serve religious purpose, while some – military one. There are religious and public holidays celebrated, such as – "Dgheoba – Atnigenobebi," "Jvaroba – Jvariskrobebi". Local inhabitants are gearing up for celebrations in a particular way. Tusheti is Georgia’s one of the most beautiful and ethnographically interesting region.
Tusheti State Reserve
The Tusheti State Reserve was founded in 1961, surrounding a 10.694-hectare area. The reserve was established with the aim of protecting and maintaining existing bio-diversity, rare animals and endemic genus of plants and those, being on the verge of extinction.
The reserve woods are distinguished for diversity of species, high endemism and far specific bio-ecological relicts. Subalpine birch woods serve as an anti-avalanche, reinforcing and anti-erosion cenosis. The reserve is important for third-period odd animal species. It embraces numerous areas where rare and depopulating animals inhabit. There are some prominent species – Caucasian aurochs, which is only several in the Caucasus, and is included in the Red List. Besides, noteworthy inhabitants of the reserve are: chamois, wolf, lynx, bear and others. While, birds – the mountain eagle, hawk and so on.
Only educational and scientific tourism is available in the reserve. Movement is possible on foot and by horse (special pre-defined routes).
Tusheti National Park
The Tusheti National Park is situated at Eastern Greater Caucasus, 900-4.800m above sea level, at Tusheti Hollow. Total area is – 83.007 hectares. It was set up in 2003. The Tusheti National Park embraces alpine meadows, glaciers, origins of rivers, certain important cenosis, rare and threatened animals and endemic relict plants; In addition, unique pinewood and forest-forming types – birch, highland oak, pock etc.
The national park is noted for its high esthetic landscapes, wonderful alpine meadows, superbly maintained pinewoods and ever-snowy mountain summits - Tebulo – 4.492m; Diklo – 4.785m; Borbalo – 3.294m. |